DESCRIPTIONS
Hi, my dear students.
How are you getting on?  To be able to speak in English or in any language, you must have  a subject to talk about. It may be a person, an animal, an object (eg., a chair) or a place (eg., a school). Let’s learn how to to talk with the help of photos and pictures. Are you ready to speak?
Here goes the first photo :
If you want to say a few sentences about this photo , you need some information. How to get it? By way of questions. By this exercise, you learn questioning, answering and speaking. Have you got the point? For the first photo, questions as well as  answers are given . What you have to do is to build a small paragraph with the given answers.
Questions:
What animal is this? what colour is it ? Describe its eyes, legs and body. Has it a tail?  Is it bushy ?  How many ears, eyes and legs has it? What is its mouth called? Is it active and agile? Is it a domestic or a wild animal? Why is it kept as a pet animal? What is it known for?
Description :
This is a dog. It  is  white and brown blended. It has two eyes. They are sharp. It has two ears . It has a long  mouth.Its teeth are sharp. Its mouth is called   muzzle. Along with the mouth is its nose. It has four legs and a bushy tail . It is very active and agile. It is a domestic animal. As it is friendly, it is kept as a pet animal. A dog is known for its faithfulness.
This is how we can describe the dog in the photo.  If you observe carefully, there are some points which the photo doesn’t tell you.  They are from our general understanding of animals. If  they are added , our description would be very appealing. Initially, say shorter sentences. As you gain grip over the language, you can say longer ones.
Here, a small para is given about a buffalo. You have to frame questions based on the para given.
This is a buffalo. It is black in colour. (gray) It has a large body. It has four legs. Its legs are sturdy. (heavy) It has two horns. They are atop its head. It has a hump on its shoulder. It is a milch animal. It is a hoofed animal. It eats grass and vegetables.
NOTES ON USAGE AND
EXPLANATION :
1. Dog :
1.blended = మిళితమైన, కలసిన= mixed
*Blended drinks produce good taste.
*It is beetroot juice blended with apple and mint leaves.
*Blended coffee is a mixture of chicory and coffee.
2.bushy = కుచ్చు= thick
*He has a bushy moustache and bushy eyebrows.
3. Agile = చురుకైన= nimble
*He is old but agile.
*A squirrel is very agile. (nimble )
*His agile (nimble) mind gave the answer in a jiffy. (in no time )
4. active = sporty = ఉషారుగా
*My dog is active.
2. Buffalo :
1. sturdy= muscular, strong = ధృఢమైన,
*Though he is old, he has a sturdy physique.
*His sturdy body made me frightened.
2. atop = on the top of =  పైన
*They sat atop trees to see their cinema hero.
*All the villagers reached atop the mountain for prayer.
3. hump= a large and round part in an animal’s back or a person’s back = మూపురం, గూని
*A camel has a hump on its back.
*He is humpbacked = He is hunchbacked = అతను గూని వాడు.
4. milch animal = పాలిచ్చే జంతువు
*A cow is a milch animal.
5. hoof =  the hard part of the foot of some animals = కాలి గిట్ట.
*A camel is a hoofed animal.
hoof.. Singular.. hooves……plural
*hooves = కాలిగిట్టలు
* Such animals as horses, oxen and buffaloes have hooves.
Grammar :
Generally, to speak about animals, we use  ‘it’ and  ‘its’ We use he and she, if they are our pet animals. It.. is singular and..they.. plural.
*It is a cat. / They are cats.
* Its…… ఈ మాటలో 'apostrophe ఉండదు. పెట్టకూడదు. బాగా జ్ఞాపకం పెట్టుకోండి. ఇలా ఈ రూపంలో ఉన్న మాటకు యొక్క అని అర్ధం.
* Its teeth are sharp = దీని (యొక్క) పళ్ళు చాలా పదును.
*It’s అనే రూపం ఉంటుంది. కాని వేరే అర్ధం. అది ఇక్కడ వాడకూడదు. రాబోయే పాఠాలలో దీని గురించి చెపుతాం. సరేనా?

- బొడ్డపాటి చంద్రశేఖర్‌
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